Tree stumps have a habit of lingering long after a tree has been felled, an awkward reminder in the lawn that catches mower blades, harbours pests, and sends up persistent suckers. Homeowners and facilities managers often put off dealing with them because the process feels murky. What will it cost? How long will it take? Is there a risk to underground services? The right local specialist answers those questions on site, not over guesswork. That is why free inspections matter. A proper look at the stump, the species, the access and the ground conditions is the difference between a smooth, half-day job and a drawn-out mess.
I have spent years working with teams handling tree stump grinding across suburban gardens, estates, churchyards, school grounds and tight urban courtyards. The projects vary, but the logic is constant. You match the method to the wood, soil, and situation. You use equipment that fits the access. You protect the ground from damage. You clear up well enough that, a month later, you can barely tell where the tree once stood. If you are searching for stump grinding near me or a stump removal service near me, here is how genuine local experts operate, what you should expect from an assessment, and how to weigh stump grinding against full extraction.
Why a free inspection saves time, money, and lawn
On the phone, customers often describe a stump as “not that big” or “soft, it has been there forever.” Then we arrive to find a mature oak buttressed in clay with a basal flare as wide as a small car, feeder roots running beneath a path and a fence line inches away. Estimating that job without seeing it would be reckless. A free inspection anchors the conversation to facts. The arborist can measure the stump at ground level, probe for utilities, confirm species by bark and wood, and check how the machine will reach it.
The site visit also shapes the schedule. In summer, dry lawns are easy to traverse with tracked grinders. In winter, a wet garden might need ground mats to avoid ruts. An inspection lets the team plan for mats, boards, and detours in advance rather than improvising. For the homeowner, that translates into a realistic price, clean results, and a firm appointment instead of “we will see when we arrive.”
Stump grinding versus stump removal: picking the right technique
People use the phrases tree stump removal and tree stump grinding interchangeably, but they are distinct. Grinding is the more common approach. A machine with a spinning wheel and carbide teeth chews the stump into chips, working down in layers until the crown and the main root plate are reduced to mulch. The roots are left in situ to decay. Full extraction, the true stump removal, involves pulling the stump and as much of the root system as practical out of the ground, usually with a digger, then backfilling and reinstating the area.
Grinding suits most domestic scenarios because it is faster, less disruptive, and far easier where space is tight. You can grind below lawn level, add topsoil, and re-turf with minimal scarring. Extraction makes sense when you need a clean subgrade for foundations, service trenches, retaining walls or a new driveway. It is also the right call for certain species and disease situations. If a bay tree with a shallow root plate is smack in the middle of a planned footing, extraction avoids later settlement. If honey fungus is confirmed, some clients prefer the peace of mind of removing as much infected material as possible, though grinding combined with good hygiene is often sufficient outside high-risk planting beds.
There are edge cases. Conifer hedges, especially Leylandii, leave long, tangled root lines that, when ground, can produce a surprising volume of chips and a spongy trench. In those runs, alternating grinding with selective extraction of larger stumps can give a firmer base for replanting or fencing. Conversely, ancient stumps that have stood twenty years may be partly hollow or punky, and grinding becomes quick and clean, the machine cutting through like toast.
What experts look for during a free inspection
A skilled technician walks the site with a mental checklist born of experience. The stump itself is only half the story. The route to it, the ground beneath, and the client’s plans for the space matter as much as diameter and species.
- Access and manoeuvring: Measure gate widths, note steps, gradients and tight turns. Many modern grinders squeeze through standard garden gates, but a few extra centimetres can be decisive. If access is constrained, a smaller pedestrian grinder may be required, which can add time. Underground services: Gas, water, electric, fibre, soakaways and irrigation lines need identification. The operator will ask for service plans, look for tell-tale markers, and use a cable avoidance tool where appropriate. Grinding depth is adjusted to keep clear of lateral gas pipes or shallow armoured cables. Species and wood condition: Oak, elm and beech keep their density for years. Poplar and willow soften quickly. Knowing what teeth and technique to use can halve the effort. The presence of metal, old fencing nails or concrete that has grown into the flare is also checked. Soil type and grade finish: Clay behaves differently from sandy loam. If you plan to seed, the operator will grind slightly deeper to allow for settlement, then advise on adding topsoil rather than just raking the chips back into the hole. Follow-on use: If you will install a shed base, swing set, or paving, the target grade and tolerance are defined there and then so the grinding depth and footprint match the end use.
That conversation builds trust. When a neighbour sees a neat rectangle of lawn with no machine tracks and a stump that has disappeared to 300 millimetres below grade, they tend to stroll over and ask for a card.
Choosing between “stump grinding service near me” and “stump removal near me” in search
Search phrases shape the contractors you will see at the top of results. Typing stump grinding service near me surfaces specialists with the right kit for grinding, often owner-operator teams with tracked machines, PPE and chip management solutions. Searching stump removal near me or stump removal service near me casts a wider net, bringing in general landscapers, digger operators and tree surgeons. Both can be excellent, but their equipment and habits differ. If you need a tidy grind in a tight garden, ask pointed questions about machine size, track width, chip collection and reinstatement. If you need a root plate out of the ground to make way for a foundation, ask about excavation, waste cartage, and compaction of backfill.
There is also the seasonal angle. Around late spring, stump grinding calendars tighten because tree work peaks and crews are busy. Local experts who focus on grinding keep slots open for smaller domestic jobs, especially with a free inspection pipeline that triages simple work quickly.
The anatomy of a stump grinding job, from arrival to rake-up
Most stump grinding days follow a rhythm. The crew parks sensibly, walks the site again, and sets up barriers. If the grinder must cross paving or sensitive turf, ground protection mats go down. Neighbours are informed if the machine will run close to the boundary. The operator dons PPE, checks fuel and teeth, and places a tarp or board to catch chips if required.
The grinding itself begins with the highest point of the stump. The wheel sweeps laterally, shaving thin passes, then ratchets down a few centimetres and repeats. Good operators keep the cut shallow and steady, which prevents the machine from snatching or bouncing and produces a consistent chip size. As cavities open, they pull away chips, check for foreign objects, and steer clear of any flagged service lines. Depth is usually 200 to 300 millimetres below grade for grassed areas, deeper for replanting with a tree, and variable for hard landscaping depending on the base layer.
Once the crown and main roots are reduced, chips are raked and consolidated. If removal is included, chips are bagged or barrowed to a tip truck. Where chips are left on site, they are either heaped to compost or spread thinly in beds. The void is topped with screened topsoil, levelled, and compacted. A final rake, a sweep of the paths, and the garden looks respectable again. Older clients often comment that it was quieter and cleaner than they expected. Modern grinders are not silent, but the noise is a whirring rasp rather than a jackhammer roar.
How deep is deep enough?
The right depth depends on what will go on top. For basic lawn reinstatement, 200 millimetres below final grade is typically sufficient, allowing for 50 to 100 millimetres of topsoil and some settlement as residual roots decay. If you plan to plant a new tree within a metre of the old position, grinding deeper and wider reduces the concentration of decaying wood, which can cause nitrogen drawdown in the first year. For patios and paths, the grinder clears to the level of the sub-base so that compacted MOT Type 1 and sand can sit on undisturbed soil. Deeper is not always better; the aim is a stable base without risking services.
Local soil makes a difference. In heavy clay, shallow remaining roots can swell and shrink with moisture, creating slight undulations beneath thin toppings. Grinding a touch wider, then compacting imported soil, mitigates that. In free-draining sandy soils, settlement is gentler, and a standard grinding depth typically suffices.
Cost factors that actually move the needle
People often ask for a price per stump over the phone, and you can give a range, but the spread is broad for good reason. The biggest drivers are diameter at ground level, species hardness, access, and how many stumps are on the site. A 300 millimetre birch stump in loam within ten metres of the drive might take twenty minutes. A 900 millimetre oak in clay at the bottom of a terraced garden up two flights of steps is a different animal.
Volume of chip removal matters too. Leaving chips on site often reduces cost. Carting them off adds loading time and dump fees, which vary by region and volume. If you want a planting hole prepared ready for a new tree, expect the operator to grind deeper and wider, then import topsoil. That extra labour is modest compared to the overall job but should be itemised.
Some contractors charge by stump count with a ladder of sizes, others by the hour, and a few by day rate for large batches. Batch work sees economies of scale. Grinding fifteen hedge stumps in one go is far cheaper per stump than booking three visits for five stumps each. Free inspections are persuasive here, since the contractor can group your job with nearby work, shaving travel and setup time.
Safety, utilities, and the non-negotiables
Nothing focuses the mind like a grinder wheel spinning at speed near a plastic gas service. Reputable operators take utility avoidance seriously. They ask for plans, use a CAT scanner where appropriate, and keep grinding depth conservative along known service lines. They wear proper PPE: helmet with visor and ear protection, gloves, chainsaw-rated trousers for brushwork around the stump, and steel-toe boots. Barriers or cones mark the working area, because chips can fly. Modern machines also have emergency stop bars and dead-man controls. It is worth asking to see evidence of training and insurance. Look for public liability cover appropriate to the setting and a training card or certificate for stump grinding or relevant plant.
There are also common-sense measures that make a difference. Wetting chips in dry weather reduces dust. Using mesh guards or chip curtains along fences avoids peppering windows. Placing boards along walls prevents scuffs as the machine navigates tight corners. These are small touches, but they distinguish professionals from casual operators.
Environmental considerations and what happens to all those chips
Stump grinding generates a surprising volume of material. A 600 millimetre stump can produce several wheelbarrows of chips mixed with soil. The mix is coarse, slightly acidic if the tree was a conifer, and full of lignin. As a mulch, it is useful in woodland beds, under hedges, or to top up informal paths. It is not ideal as a thin dressing on lawns, where it can smother grass. If you plan to plant shallow-rooted ornamentals, keep fresh chips a few centimetres away from stems to reduce the risk of collar rot. Over months, the chips mellow and darken. Adding a sprinkle of nitrogen, like a light application of blood, fish and bone or a compost tea, encourages decomposition where chips are heaped.
When chips leave site, they usually head to a green waste facility or composting centre. Some contractors chip clean hardwood stumps separately for biomass. If sustainability matters to you, ask how the team handles waste. Local outfits often have relationships with allotments, community gardens or farms that welcome mulch in bulk, which keeps costs down and materials in circulation.
When is full stump removal justified?
There are clear triggers for extraction. If you are pouring a reinforced slab where settlement tolerance is tight, grinding may leave you with a pocket of decaying wood beneath the base that could cause minor subsidence. If you need to install a deep post exactly where the stump sat, grinding is unlikely to create a sound bearing for the post without shifting the position. In some disease cases, such as severe Armillaria affecting a productive orchard, removing infected stumps and main roots as part of a wider sanitation plan may be appropriate. That said, the reach of most root systems is extensive, and removing every trace is impractical.
Extraction requires space for a digger and a spoil area. It risks more collateral disturbance than grinding, so it is a choice to make early in a project, ideally before you lay new turf. Ask the contractor about reinstatement. A good operator will excavate, remove root material, compact in lifts, and top up with suitable sub-base or topsoil depending on the end use. They will also be frank about where extraction is overkill, such as in small domestic lawns where grinding achieves the aim with a fraction of the fuss.
The pitfalls of do-it-yourself, and where it can work
DIY stump removal has a certain allure for handy owners. There are YouTube videos of people burning stumps or drilling holes and pouring in mixtures that promise to melt wood. In practice, fires often fail to burn below the surface, chemical rotting is slow and patchy, and drilling into unknown stumps risks hitting metal. Hiring a grinder from a tool shop looks straightforward until you meet a root that runs under a path or a machine that is too heavy for your steps. There are also safety issues, particularly kickback on smaller, wheeled grinders that lack the stability and hydraulic control of pro machines.
DIY can make sense for small, soft stumps in open ground, particularly if you have time and patience. For the row of fourteen old Leylandii along your boundary, for the stump abutting your patio, or for anything near services, a local expert is almost always faster and safer. The price gap between a weekend hire plus your time, and a tidy professional job, is often narrower than expected once you account for chip removal and reinstatement.
What to expect from a reputable local team
The best indicator is how the contractor handles the first conversation and the visit. They should ask what the area will be used for after the work, whether you want chips removed, and if you are aware of underground services. They should turn up for the free inspection on time, measure the stump at ground level, talk through access, and be honest about constraints. The written quote ought to specify grinding depth, chip handling, reinstatement, and any exclusions, such as responsibility for hidden debris like rebar.
On the day, you will see method: protection mats down, clean routing of the machine, controlled cutting, pauses to clear chips, and a final tidy. If problems appear, such as a buried brick pier in the root flare, they will stop, show you, and agree a plan rather than forcing the machine through. After the job, communication continues. A quick check-in a week later builds goodwill and catches any settlement that needs a top-up of soil.
Clients sometimes ask for references when searching tree stump removal near me or stump grinding service near me. Photos of similar work in similar spaces are useful, but the small details count more. Look at how they left the ground, the edges, and the paths. That finish is the daily standard you want on your lawn.
Frequent questions, answered frankly
Can I plant a new tree in the same spot? You can, but it is rarely ideal. Grinding leaves a pocket rich in wood chips where nitrogen is tied up as microbes break the wood down. If you must plant in the same footprint, grind deeper and wider than the original stump, remove most chips, and backfill with a good loam. Better yet, shift the planting hole at least a metre to one side.
How long before the area settles? Expect slight settlement over one to three months as fine chips compact and residual roots decay. A good operator leaves the hole slightly proud, especially under lawns, then advises a top-up of soil if a dip forms.
Will grinding kill all the roots? Grinding stops the stump from resprouting by removing the crown and cambium in the root plate. Some species, such as sycamore and robinia, can send up suckers from lateral roots after felling. These usually fade as the root system loses energy, and mowing knocks them back. Persistent suckers can be spot-treated if they become a nuisance.
Is there a best season for stump grinding? Grinding can happen year round. In very wet months, access protection is important, and heavy frost can make the top layer of soil stubborn. In high summer, dry ground helps, and chips are easier to handle. Schedules are about availability more than biology.
How messy is it? Expect wood chips rather than mud, especially with modern machines and decent weather. With chip management and tidy habits, the mess is contained. If the stump sits in a bed with bark mulch, the new chips blend in.
A field note: two stumps, two plans
A pair of jobs from last autumn illustrate the judgement calls involved. The first was a 450 millimetre cherry stump in a terraced townhouse garden, access through a 760 millimetre gate and down six steps. The client wanted to lay porcelain paving. We used a narrow tracked grinder with a pivoting head, protected the steps with mats, and ground to 350 millimetres, widening the footprint to match the paving slab plan. Chips were removed to avoid organic material under the sub-base. The grinder ran for thirty-five minutes, and the reinstatement took another thirty. The paving contractor arrived the next day to a clean void at the right depth.
The second was a run of nine conifer stumps along a fence on heavy clay, each around 300 to 400 millimetres, with a plan for a new close-board fence. The client initially assumed full extraction. On inspection, we suggested grinding six and extracting three where post positions coincided. That saved a day of digger work and avoided rutting the lawn. We ground to 250 millimetres and marked firm spots for the fencer. The blend of methods gave a straight fence line without overcomplicating the job.
Aftercare that avoids the common pitfalls
Post-grinding, the area is in transition. Chips that remain in the hole will settle. If you are laying turf, fill with topsoil, not chips, and compact lightly in layers to reduce later dips. If you are seeding, rake the surface to a fine tilth and water lightly for the first few weeks. Where chips are used as mulch, keep them away from the trunks of shrubs and the crowns of perennials. If you notice mushrooms on the old stump area, do not panic. They are a sign of natural decay and usually harmless to nearby plants. Rake them off if they bother you.
If the ground sinks after rain, top up with soil rather than chip. Let the area go through at least one good wet-dry cycle before laying rigid surfaces. That patience saves cracked edges and rocking slabs.
Why “local” matters more than a flashy website
Typing tree stump removal near me or stump grinding near me pulls in national directories and ad-heavy pages. A slick site is not a guarantee of care on your lawn. Local experts bring familiarity with soil types in your area, typical utility depths on your street, access quirks in your estate, and the planners or neighbours who may care about noise and timing. They are also available for a quick revisit if a small dip appears or you need an extra few centimetres ground off. The free inspection is part of that local service culture. It sets expectations and, frankly, filters out mismatches before they bite.
Word-of-mouth still underpins the best work. Ask your neighbours who they used, look at the ground, and notice the small hallmarks: no torn turf, no stray chips in gravel, a clean cut edge at the lawn. Those are the signs of a team you can trust.
A quick buyer’s checklist for stump grinding near me
- Written quote that specifies grinding depth, chip handling, and reinstatement Evidence of insurance and relevant training or certification A plan for protecting access routes, lawns and hard surfaces Sensible discussion of utilities and service avoidance Clear timeline and tidy-up standard, including chip removal if requested
The search terms that help you find the right fit
Search language matters. If you want a neat grind and lawn reinstatement, try terms like stump grinding service near me, stump grinding near me, or tree stump grinding alongside your town name. If your project is excavation-heavy or tied to new construction, including stump removal service or Tree stump removal with your postcode will bring in firms with diggers and reinstatement crews. For quirky or heritage sites, adding churchyard, listed building, or clay soil can surface specialists used to sensitive environments. If you need swift help, “free inspection” in your query tends to filter out firms that only price from photos.
Over the years, the best results come from a short call, a tree stump grinding site visit, and a quote that reads like a plan rather than a guess. Good stump grinding is quiet competence. When it is done well, it is almost invisible. The tree disappears, the ground is sound, and you get your space back without drama.
If you are weighing up tree stump removal near me or a stump removal service near me, start with a free inspection. Let a professional put eyes on the stump. The right decisions follow from there, and you will save yourself the classic headaches: torn lawns, half-ground stumps, and surprise extras. Whether you are reclaiming a corner of the garden for a new bed, clearing space for a patio, or tidying after storm work, a local expert with the right grinder and the right habits turns a stubborn remnant into clean, usable ground in under a morning.
Tree Thyme - Tree Surgeons
Covering London | Surrey | Kent
020 8089 4080
[email protected]
www.treethyme.co.uk
Tree Thyme - Tree Surgeons provide expert arborist services throughout Croydon, South London, Surrey and Kent. Our experienced team specialise in tree cutting, pruning, felling, stump removal, and emergency tree work for both residential and commercial clients. With a focus on safety, precision, and environmental responsibility, Tree Thyme deliver professional tree care that keeps your property looking its best and your trees healthy all year round.
Service Areas: Croydon, Purley, Wallington, Sutton, Caterham, Coulsdon, Hooley, Banstead, Shirley, West Wickham, Selsdon, Sanderstead, Warlingham, Whyteleafe and across Surrey, London, and Kent.
Google Business Profile:
View on Google Search
About Tree Thyme on Google Maps
Knowledge Graph
Knowledge Graph Extended
Follow Tree Thyme:
Facebook |
Instagram |
YouTube
Visit @treethyme on Instagram
Professional Tree Surgeons covering South London, Surrey and Kent – Tree Thyme - Tree Surgeons provide reliable tree cutting, pruning, crown reduction, tree felling, stump grinding, and emergency storm damage services. Covering all surrounding areas of South London, we’re trusted arborists delivering safe, insured and affordable tree care for homeowners, landlords, and commercial properties.
❓
Q. How much does tree surgery cost in Croydon?
A. The cost of tree surgery in the UK can vary significantly based on the type of work required, the size of the tree, and its location. On average, you can expect to pay between £300 and £1,500 for services such as tree felling, pruning, or stump removal. For instance, the removal of a large oak tree may cost upwards of £1,000, while smaller jobs like trimming a conifer could be around £200. It's essential to choose a qualified arborist who adheres to local regulations and possesses the necessary experience, as this ensures both safety and compliance with the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981. Always obtain quotes from multiple professionals and check their credentials to ensure you receive quality service.
❓
Q. How much do tree surgeons cost per day?
A. The cost of hiring a tree surgeon in Croydon, Surrey typically ranges from £200 to £500 per day, depending on the complexity of the work and the location. Factors such as the type of tree (e.g., oak, ash) and any specific regulations regarding tree preservation orders can also influence pricing. It's advisable to obtain quotes from several qualified professionals, ensuring they have the necessary certifications, such as NPTC (National Proficiency Tests Council) qualifications. Always check for reviews and ask for references to ensure you're hiring a trustworthy expert who can safely manage your trees.
❓
Q. Is it cheaper to cut or remove a tree?
A. In Croydon, the cost of cutting down a tree generally ranges from £300 to £1,500, depending on its size, species, and location. Removal, which includes stump grinding and disposal, can add an extra £100 to £600 to the total. For instance, felling a mature oak or sycamore may be more expensive due to its size and protected status under local regulations. It's essential to consult with a qualified arborist who understands the Tree Preservation Orders (TPOs) in your area, ensuring compliance with local laws while providing expert advice. Investing in professional tree services not only guarantees safety but also contributes to better long-term management of your garden's ecosystem.
❓
Q. Is it expensive to get trees removed?
A. The cost of tree removal in Croydon can vary significantly based on factors such as the tree species, size, and location. On average, you might expect to pay between £300 to £1,500, with larger species like oak or beech often costing more due to the complexity involved. It's essential to check local regulations, as certain trees may be protected under conservation laws, which could require you to obtain permission before removal. For best results, always hire a qualified arborist who can ensure the job is done safely and in compliance with local guidelines.
❓
Q. What qualifications should I look for in a tree surgeon in Croydon?
A. When looking for a tree surgeon in Croydon, ensure they hold relevant qualifications such as NPTC (National Proficiency Tests Council) certification in tree surgery and are a member of a recognised professional body like the Arboricultural Association. Experience with local species, such as oak and sycamore, is vital, as they require specific care and pruning methods. Additionally, check if they are familiar with local regulations concerning tree preservation orders (TPOs) in your area. Expect to pay between £400 to £1,000 for comprehensive tree surgery, depending on the job's complexity. Always ask for references and verify their insurance coverage to ensure trust and authoritativeness in their services.
❓
Q. When is the best time of year to hire a tree surgeon in Croydon?
A. The best time to hire a tree surgeon in Croydon is during late autumn to early spring, typically from November to March. This period is ideal as many trees are dormant, reducing the risk of stress and promoting healthier regrowth. For services such as pruning or felling, you can expect costs to range from £200 to £1,000, depending on the size and species of the tree, such as oak or sycamore, and the complexity of the job. Additionally, consider local regulations regarding tree preservation orders, which may affect your plans. Always choose a qualified and insured tree surgeon to ensure safe and effective work.
❓
Q. Are there any tree preservation orders in Croydon that I need to be aware of?
A. In Croydon, there are indeed Tree Preservation Orders (TPOs) that protect specific trees and woodlands, ensuring their conservation due to their importance to the local environment and community. To check if a tree on your property is covered by a TPO, you can contact Croydon Council or visit their website, where they provide a searchable map of designated trees. If you wish to carry out any work on a protected tree, you must apply for permission, which can take up to eight weeks. Failing to comply can result in fines of up to £20,000, so it’s crucial to be aware of these regulations for local species such as oak and silver birch. Always consult with a qualified arborist for guidance on tree management within these legal frameworks.
❓
Q. What safety measures do tree surgeons take while working?
A. Tree surgeons in Croydon, Surrey adhere to strict safety measures to protect themselves and the public while working. They typically wear personal protective equipment (PPE) including helmets, eye protection, gloves, and chainsaw trousers, which can cost around £50 to £150. Additionally, they follow proper risk assessment protocols and ensure that they have suitable equipment for local tree species, such as oak or sycamore, to minimise hazards. Compliance with the Health and Safety at Work Act 1974 and local council regulations is crucial, ensuring that all work is conducted safely and responsibly. Always choose a qualified tree surgeon who holds relevant certifications, such as NPTC, to guarantee their expertise and adherence to safety standards.
❓
Q. Can I prune my own trees, or should I always hire a professional?
A. Pruning your own trees can be a rewarding task if you have the right knowledge and tools, particularly for smaller species like apple or cherry trees. However, for larger or more complex trees, such as oaks or sycamores, it's wise to hire a professional arborist, which typically costs between £200 and £500 depending on the job size. In the UK, it's crucial to be aware of local regulations, especially if your trees are protected by a Tree Preservation Order (TPO), which requires permission before any work is undertaken. If you're unsure, consulting with a certified tree surgeon Croydon, such as Tree Thyme, can ensure both the health of your trees and compliance with local laws.
❓
Q. What types of trees are commonly removed by tree surgeons in Croydon?
A. In Croydon, tree surgeons commonly remove species such as sycamores, and conifers, particularly when they pose risks to property or public safety. The removal process typically involves assessing the tree's health and location, with costs ranging from £300 to £1,500 depending on size and complexity. It's essential to note that tree preservation orders may apply to certain trees, so consulting with a professional for guidance on local regulations is advisable. Engaging a qualified tree surgeon ensures safe removal and compliance with legal requirements, reinforcing trust in the services provided.
Local Area Information for Croydon, Surrey